By Farooq A. Kperogi, Ph.D. In the heat of the just concluded American presidential elections, a few of my Nigerian friends on Faceboo...
By Farooq A. Kperogi, Ph.D.
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In the heat of the just concluded American
presidential elections, a few of my Nigerian friends on Facebook were peeved
that Nigerians invested more emotional
energy in the American elections than they ever did in the affairs of their own
country. “What has Obama done for Africa?” one of them asked. I think that’s a
legitimate question.
Neither Barack Obama nor Mitt Romney thought Africa
was important enough to deserve a mention during their foreign policy
presidential debate. Only Obama managed to mention “Africa” once—and in
passing. Mitt Romney, on the other hand, was so ignorant of the geography of
the African continent that he thought Mali, a West African country, was in the
Middle East. He repeatedly mentioned it
during policy debates on the Middle East. I guess he thought the country must
be a Middle Eastern country since it has been overrun by “Islamists.” If he knew of our Boko Haram problems, he
would probably think Nigeria, too, is a Middle Eastern country.
Africa is clearly low on the totem pole of America’s
foreign policy. The continent has limited strategic importance for American
policymakers. That fact has become even more apparent during Obama’s
administration. Ironically, George W. Bush, whom many Africans love to hate,
did more for Africa when he was president than Obama has done so far. Was Obama
too busy cleaning the domestic mess Bush created for America to have time for
the continent of his father’s birth? Maybe.
But now that Obama has been reelected for a second
term, should we expect something different? Probably not. And this isn’t
because Obama nurses any animus toward the continent. It’s because, given the
enormity of the economic crisis America is still grappling with, Africa’s low
strategic importance for America would ensure that he has his gaze fixed
elsewhere. Plus, being part African has
its own burden; his policies toward Africa, especially if those policies were
to be as benevolent as we all hope for, would invite more critical attention
from his compatriots than they would for a white president. I can almost bet my
bottom dollar that were Obama to give half the attention Bush gave to Africa,
he would be called out by a motley crowd of bigots here.
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| Obama and his paternal step grandmother in his dad's Kenyan village |
The dominant emotions and imageries that Africa
evokes in the minds of the average American are still those of hunger, poverty,
war, disease, and hopelessness. Just the other day, one of my students reminded
me of this stereotype. Students in my news writing and reporting class were
having a heated, animated discussion on an issue that another student thought
was trivial. And her way of making that point was to say “look, stop arguing over
non-issues. People are starving in Africa!”
I wasn’t miffed. I’ve heard this numberless times.
It’s a standard refrain in American popular discourse to say “people are
starving in Africa” to underscore how fortunate and over-pampered Americans are.
But I didn’t let the comment go unanswered. I calmly said to her—and to the
class—that while there is certainly starvation in many parts of Africa, as
there is everywhere else in the world, that is not the only story of the
continent. “Did you know, for instance,” I asked, “that Africa is not only the
world’s biggest mobile phone market but also one of its fastest growing
economies?” I mentioned other “stories” about Africa that don’t make it to the
dominant media narratives here.
My interventions prodded some self-reflection in a
few of them. One student met me after class and said, after giving a thought to
my challenge that they learn to rise superior to “sound bite” versions people’s
lived realities, he realized that Africa isn’t the only region that Americans
stereotype. He said Latin Americans are often associated with “illegal
immigration, drugs and poverty,” Middle Easterners with “terrorism and Islamic
extremism,” Asians with “meekness and intelligence” and Europeans with “multilingualism,
socialism, and advancement.”
America’s
foreign policy tends to reflect the popular perceptions of its people toward
other nations. Or maybe it’s the other way round: America’s foreign policy
toward other nations tends to shape the popular perceptions of their citizens
toward those nations. That is why Africa has been treated not as a continent to
be traded with, but as a continent to be pitied and helped.
My sense is that many Africans who are overly
exuberant over Obama’s victory know this. The vicarious joy they feel over his
groundbreaking electoral triumphs in the world’s most powerful country is
founded more on the symbolic significance of the victory than on its
substantive import. It is the feeling that someone who looks like them—or who almost
looks like them—and whose paternal ancestral roots are located in their
continent has become the most visible political figure in the world. I guess
such people should be allowed to exult in the afterglow of this symbolic, if
hollow, victory.
But Obama is first and foremost an American. In
spite of the African genes flowing in his veins, he is as American as an apple
pie. Maybe, just maybe, Obama may roll out an African foreign policy plan that
humanizes the people that live in the continent, but don’t hold your breath.
My vision for
our continent is one that does not perpetually look up to the benevolence of
superpowers to survive. That means we should look more inward than outward.
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